UCF technology that improves the longevity and durability of vibratory sensors was awarded a $1.1 million grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
The research project, titled “Self-assembled-monolayer Hafnium Interfaces for Enhanced Longevity and Durability”, or SHIELD, focuses on improving sensors that measure the frequency and strength of vibrations in various systems, including in industrial machinery to electronic devices. These sensors convert vibrations into electronic signals, serving as the foundation for technologies ranging from smartphone orientation detection to acceleration measurement in extreme environments, such as space.
Although they are widely used, maintaining their performance over long periods remains a major challenge. Over time, like other devices, they are subject to decreased functionality with aging.
“Microscale vibratory sensors, core to technologies spanning autonomous navigation, aerospace systems, advanced communications, and quantum sensing platforms. Over time, however, aging, surface changes, and internal stress can reduce their precision,” says Assistant Professor Piotr Kulik, principal investigator of the project. “SHIELD mitigates these issues by applying ultra-thin protective chemistries and monolayers that passivate surfaces and stabilize long-term sensor performance.”
The work, developed with co-investigators Assistant Professor Jaesung Lee and Professor Reza Abdolvand, hinges on a specialized application of hafnium oxide (HfO₂). The compound has properties that can help protect material surfaces from degradation caused by oxidation, electrical stress, and mechanical strain. When a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), a single layer of molecules that forms on a surface, is incorporated with HfO2, the resulting ultrathin coating can help protect the material surface from environmental and operational stressors.
The result? A more reliable sensor that lasts longer and scarcely needs to be replaced.
“Our novel approach introduces a protective covering for sensors, reducing drift mechanisms that have historically limited material stability. This enables navigation systems that remain accurate over longer periods, even in harsh environments,” Kulik says.
Electronics manufacturer Mtron, led by President and UCF electrical engineering alumnus Bill Drafts ’90MS ’95MBA, will play a significant role in the project as the researchers develop prototype sensors. As industry experts in device packaging and testing, they will evaluate the prototypes, package the sensors and test them in harsh and simulated accelerated aging environments, exposing them to conditions such as increased vibration and severely high and low temperatures.
“The collaboration with Mtron in Orlando anchors SHIELD squarely within the Florida High-Tech Corridor, strengthening ties between local industry and academic research at UCF,” Kulik says. “Projects like this foster a powerful academia–industry ecosystem in Central Florida.”
Kulik says the plan is to have sensor prototypes ready in two years. Over the next year, his team will focus on proving the concept by modeling the devices, developing the material and performing their own accelerated aging tests. He foresees that sensors will be integrated into field-ready prototypes the following year.
“Imagine a car that never needs far fewer tune-up — that’s what we’re aiming for with sensors that stay accurately calibrated for much longer.”
The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of War or the U.S. Government.